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发表于 2006-2-13 20:35:44
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Volleyball Dictionary
A Glossary of Volleyball Terminology
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3-meter line
n. the attack line. 三米线。
4-2X
n. an offense with four spikers and two setters. The setters are spikers whe
n they are in the front row, and setters when they are in the back row. 四二
备，后排二传手组织，前排二传手参与进攻。
5-1X
n. an offense with five spikers and one setter. 五一配备。
6-2X
n. an offense with four spikers and two setters. The setters are setters whe
n they are in the front row, and defenders when they are in the back row.六二
二配备，后排二传手防守，前排二传手组织。
10-foot line
n. the attack line. A slight misnomer since the line is actually 3 meters fr
om the center line. 前排线（即三米线），因为它正好是十个脚掌的长。
ace
n. a service ace. 发球直接得分。
antenna
n. a flexible rod that rises above the net to delineate the sideline boundar
y. The antenna is considered part of the net and is out of bounds.标志竿，碰
标志竿或出标志竿都被认为是出界。
assist
n. awarded when a player passes, sets, or digs the ball to a teammate who at
tacks the ball for a kill. 接应者。
attack
n. the attempt by one team to terminate the play by hitting the ball to the
floor on the opponent's side. The term refers to an individual effort or a c
ombined team offensive pattern. 进攻，把球打到对方场地。
attack angle
n. the direction of a spiker's approach to a set ball and the imaginary path
of the spike across the net if hit in the same line as the approach angle.
攻击角。
attack approach
n. the accelerating running movement of a spiker, usually involving three or
four steps, to the point where the spiker jumps to hit the ball.进攻路线。
attack error
n. results when an attacker hits the ball out of bounds, is stuffed by the o
pposing blockers, hits the ball into the antenna, is called for an illegal c
ontact, hits the ball down on his side of the net, touches the net, or is ca
lled for a line violation.进攻失误。
attack percentage
n. a statistic used to determine a player or team's attack effectiveness, de
fined as (kills - attack errors)/attack attempts. A negative attack percenta
ge is possible (if there are more errors than kills).进攻成功率，（成功-失误
）/进攻次数。
attacker
n. A player who attempts to hit a ball offensively with the purpose of termi
nating the play in his team's favor. 进攻者。
attack line
n. a line three meters from, and parallel to, the net. A back-row player can
not legally attack the ball above the net unless he takes off on his jump fr
om behind this line. See also 10-foot line, 3-meter line. 三米线。
auxiliary setter
n. the player assigned to set when the designated setter cannot, usually the
right-front player. 接应二传（通常是站在二号位的球员）。
back one
n. a low, quick set behind the setter. 背快。
back row
n. the three players whose court position, according to the official scoreke
eper, is near the baseline. 后排。
back set
n. a set delivered behind the setter. 背后的战术（二传手把球传到背后）。
back slide
n. a quick slide behind the setter. 背飞。
ball handling error
n. charged when a player is called for mishandling the ball (usually a lift
or a double hit) while digging or setting. 垫球失误（垫飞或连击）。
baseline
n. the back boundary of the court. See also endline. 后场出界线。
beach dig
n. an overhead dig characterized by using open hands, fingers straight but t
ogether, either with thumbs alongside each other or the front of one hand pr
essed against the back of the other hand. It is often executed with a pushin
g motion.上手传球。（用二传手的手法接发球或救球）
block
n. 1. the combination of one, two, or three players jumping in front of the
opposing spiker and contacting the spiked ball with the hands. v. 2. the act
ion of stopping or slowing a spiked ball with the hands above the net. 拦网。
block attempt
n. the action of blocking without touching the ball.拦网未触球。
block error
n. charged when the blocker touches the net, or is called for a line violati
on, illegal contact, back row block, or reaching over the net. 拦网失误（触网
，后排队员拦网，过线等）
block solo
n. awarded when one player blocks the ball into the opponent's court for a p
oint of side-out. That player is the only blocker attempting to block the ba
ll. 单人拦网。
blocker(s)
n. the player(s) responsible for blocking the opponent's attack.拦网的队员。
block shadow
n. the shadow of the block. 拦网封死的范围。
break
n. an abrupt change of direction in the attacker's approach.进攻路线突然改变
break point
n. the spot where the attacker changes direction. 路线改变的地点。
broad jump
n. a forward jump in the attacker's approach. 预跳。
center line
n. the line which lies in the plane of the net and extends from sideline to
sideline, dividing the court.中线。
collapse
n. a defensive posture where a defensive player sits over one heel while pla
ying a ball and rolls on his back. Used to play balls close to the floor and
to cushion hard spikes during retrieval attempts, this skill is also known
as a half roll. 翻滚救球。
combination
n. an offensive play that includes two or more players who attack in concert
. 组合，多人配合。
commit
n. a blocking scheme in which one player, usually the middle blocker, jumps
with, and attempts to stuff, the quick attacker. 三号位单人拦快攻。
control block
n. a block attempt that deflects and slows down a spiked ball so the back-ro
w defenders can easily play it.有效拦网。
cover the hitter
v. to perform spike coverage.保护（准备救被拦的球）。
creep
v. to move stealthily so as to escape notice.悄悄移动。
cross
n. 1. a combination in which the path of one attacker crosses the path of an
other. 2. cross-court. 交叉。
cross-court
n., adj. an individual attack directed at an angle from one end of the offen
sive team's side of the net to the opposite sideline of the defensive team's
court.进攻角度。
cross step
n. a footwork pattern designed to allow a player to move quickly to a correc
t, balanced precontact position in either forearm or overhead passing. 交叉步
deep
adj. away from the net, toward the endline.离网。
defensive system
n. a team tactical system of deploying players to positions to defend agains
t an opponent's attack. An effective system deploys players in the areas mos
t likely to be attacked and takes the strengths and weaknesses of the indivi
dual defenders into account. 防守阵型。
dig
n. 1. the act of retrieving an attacked ball close to the floor. 2. Awarded
when a player successfully passes a ball which has been attacked by the oppo
sition. 救球。
dink
n., v. slang for tip.轻吊。
dive
n., v. a defensive retrieval technique in which a player extends for a ball
near the floor, causing both feet to leave the floor. The player contacts th
e ball with one or both arms and slides on the abdomen and thighs.鱼跃救球。
double block
n., v. a block formed by two players.双人拦网。
double contact
n. contacting the ball twice in succession, or the ball contacts various parts
of the body successively.连击。
double hit
n. a double contact.连击。
dump
n. 1. a ball that has been attacked by the setter on the second contact -v.
2. to attack the ball on the second contact -interj. 3. an exclamation made
by a player to inform his teammates that the setter is attacking the ball.二
次进攻。
extension roll
n. a defensive retrieval technique similar to a dive, except that after cont
acting the ball with either one or two arms, the player turns as the body co
ntacts the floor and rolls as the momentum of the movement carries the feet
over the shoulder, returning the player to his or her feet.翻滚救球。
fake cross
n. a play that starts as a cross but changes the direction of its play-set h
itter with a veer. 交叉进攻。
fake X
n. a play in which the right fake-crosses the one-hitter and then attacks to
the right of the setter. 双快（扣球手为二号位队员）
five
n. a medium-height set on the right sideline.2.5传球
flair
n. a play in which the right fake-crosses the one-hitter, and then attacks o
n the right sideline. 三号位快球掩护拉开到二号位
float serve
n. a floater. 飘球。
floater
n. a serve that moves in an unpredictable path due to lack of spin. 不带旋转
的飘球。
floor defense
n. any retrieval of an attacked ball that gets by the block.有效拦网后的地面
防守。
follow
n. to move with, and then block, an attacker, often changing positions with
another blocker in the process. 跟进战术。
follower
n. the outside blocker who crosses the commit-blocker. 跟进的队员。
forearm pass
n. one of the six basic volleyball skills. It is a ball-handling skill that
a player uses to legally contact the ball at a level below the waist using t
he forearms as the contact surface. See also bump. 上手传球。
four
n. a shoot that is attacked near the left sideline. 四号位进攻。
free ball
n. 1. a slow, arcing shot, allowing an easy pass and a good attack by the re
ceiving team. -interj. 2. an exclamation made by a player to inform his team
mates that they will receive a free ball. 毫无威胁的进攻扣球，能够让防守一方
组织防反。
front
v. to position oneself, in order to block, in front of the attacker's arm. 上
前。
front-row
n. the three players whose court position, according to the official scoreke
eper, is near the net.前排。
front slide
n. a quick slide in front of the setter. 前快。
game plan
n. the team's offensive and defensive emphases for a particular opponent, us
ually organized by rotation.整体战术布置和计划。
glide
n. a long, smooth run that precedes a spike. 扣球的助跑。
hit
n., v. spike. 扣球。
hitter
n. an attacker. 扣球手。
hut
n. a medium-height set on the left sideline; the term originated from the hi
tter's mid-rally call to his setter. 2.5传球（四号位）；集中战术。
inside
n. toward the center of the net. 向网中间移动。
inside the block
n. a ball that has been attacked in the cross-court angle so that it passes
by the block nearest the center of the court. 大斜线扣球，穿过拦网队员的手落
在对方场地中心。
J stroke
n. A modified forearm pass technique where the thumbs are turned up and the
elbows are bent, forming a "J". This technique is used to dig hard-hit balls
and balls played close to the net.J型传球（大拇指用力，手臂弯曲，用于上手接
大力扣球或调整近网球。）
jump serve
n. a serve in which the player jumps and attacks the ball as in spiking.跳发
球。
jump set
n. a set executed while the setter is in the air. 跳传。
junk
n. Slang for off-speed shots, balls intentionally hit off the block, and def
lected shots that do not travel in expected paths or to anticipated location
s. 扣球失误（球碰网力量减缓，或偏斜出原本线路，没有落在原来预期的落点上。）
kill
n. an attacked ball that strikes the floor or lands out of bounds after touc
hing an opponent.扣球成功（球直接落入对方场地或打手出界）。
kill efficiency
n. attack percentage.扣球成功率。
knuckler
n. an emergency one-hand technique used to play a ball close to the face and
tight to the net. The fingers are curled at the second knuckle and the hand
is cocked back. The ball is actually contacted on the heel of the hand. 单手
调整传球（手指在第二个关节弯曲，在球的斜侧击球）。
left-stack
n. a commit-block scheme in which the left starts behind the middle in order
to follow the crossing attacker. 四号位队员有计划的向三号位移动以跟随插上的
进攻手。
lift
n. an illegal contact, resulting when the ball is in contact with the player
for too long. 持球。
line shot
n. a straight-ahead, sideline attack.直线球。
lineup
n. the players' serving order, which reflects their starting locations on th
e court. 首发阵容(队员站位轮次)。
load
n. to arrange the blockers so that the team's most effective blocker confron
ts the opponents' most effective attacker.强轮对强轮（安排自己队最好的拦网手
面对对方最好的扣球手）。
middle
n. either the middle-front or middle-back player. 三号位或三号位的拦网队员。
midline
n. an imaginary line drawn equidistant from the sidelines, that is, lengthwi
se, on the court; an imaginary line drawn vertically on the player's body th
at divides it into comparable left and right parts. 虚拟的中线（把场地左右分
成均衡的两部分，线垂于队员的身体）。
multiple-attack
n. an offense consisting of plays in which two or more players attack at dif
ferent places on the net at different times. 多点进攻。
net block
v. slang describing when a blocker places his hands, palms forward, against
the net to deflect a ball that has been passed into the net by the opponents
. 探头拦网（拦对方一传过网的球）。
off-blocker
n. the outside blocker not included in the double block. 双人拦网之外的拦网手
off-hand
n. a set delivered from the left side of the right-handed attacker and vice-
versa. 传球错位（右手队员被迫使用左手扣球，反之亦然）。
off-speed shot
n. any ball spiked with less than maximum force but with spin. vice-versa. 速
度慢而带有旋转的扣球，多用于调整扣球。
on help
n. a player's defensive floor position and body posture that allows him or h
er to play an attacked ball in front of him and toward his teammates.防守队员
利用良好的站位以及手型防起对方重扣，给同伴创造反攻机会。
one
n. a low, quick set that is attacked either directly in front of, or behind,
the setter. 前快或背快传球。
one-footed slide
n. an approach to attack that includes a one-footed jump long the net.一步助
跑起跳扣球。
on-hand
n. a set delivered from the right side of the right-handed spiker and vice-v
ersa. 传球到位（右手队员使用右手扣球，反之亦然）。
open-handed tip
n., v. tip.单手调整传球。
open up
n. to step away from, and face, the ball's path in receiving serve.正面迎球的
接发球。
opposite
n. three positions away in the line-up; the player opposite the setter. 打对
角。
outside
n. toward the sideline. 向边线移动。
outside-in
n. defending, either at the net or in the backcourt, from the sideline to th
e interior of the court. 从场地两边向中间移动。
overlap
n. a foul in which one player is out of position in relation to another play
er (defined by player's foot placement) when the ball is served. 同伴发球时站
位轮次错误。
overhead pass
n. a ball-handling skill using both hands simultaneously to contact the ball
above the head and direct it to the intended target.双手头顶传球。
overpass
n. a ball that is passed across the net. 接球直接过网。
overset
n. a ball that is set across the net. 传球直接过网。 |
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